Glossary |
Neuro-Endocrine Tumors (NETs) |
Neuro-Endocrine Tumors are a rare form of cancer which represent less than one percent of the overall cancer diagnosies made in the UK every year.
The endocrine system is a communication system in which hormones act as biochemical messengers to regulate physiological events in living organisms.
The nervous system performs the same functions using electrical impulses as messengers.
The neuroendocrine system is the combination of those two systems, or more specifically, the various interfaces between the two systems.
A GEP-NET is a tumor of any such interface. |
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Metastases |
Metastasis or metastatic disease (sometimes abbreviated mets), is the spread of a disease from one organ or part to another non-adjacent organ or part.
When tumor cells metastasize, the new tumor is called a secondary or metastatic tumor, and its cells are like those in the original tumor.
This means, for example, that, if breast cancer metastasizes to the lungs, the secondary tumor is made up of abnormal breast cells, not of abnormal lung cells. The tumor in the lung is then called metastatic breast cancer, not lung cancer. |
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Chemotherapy |
Chemotherapy, in its most general sense, is the treatment of disease by chemicals especially by killing micro-organisms or cancerous cells. |
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Radio Therapy |
Radio therapy has been in use as a cancer treatment for more than 100 years, with its earliest roots traced from the discovery of x-rays in 1895.
Radiotherapy, also called radiation oncology, and sometimes abbreviated to XRT, is the medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells.
Radiotherapy may be used for curative or adjuvant treatment. It is used as palliative treatment (where cure is not possible and the aim is for local disease control or symptomatic relief).
Radiotherapy is used for the treatment of malignant cancer. It is common to combine radiotherapy with surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy or some mixture of the three.
Most common cancer types can be treated with radiotherapy in some way. The precise treatment will depend on the tumor type, location, and stage, as well as the general health of the patient. The response of a tumor to radiotherapy is related to its size. For complex reasons, very large tumors respond less well to radiation than smaller tumors. |
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Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) |
Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) kills cancer cells by delivering a lethal dose of radiation. The radiation is
usually attached to a ‘carrier’ that selectively seeks out tumour cells.
As with external beam radiotherapy, TRT offers the advantage of delivering high radiation doses to a specific
target but in common with chemotherapy it can deliver treatment systemically, attacking multiple sites
throughout the body.
It is a relatively benign treatment that does not incur the side‐effects, such as hair loss and prolonged nausea,
often seen in more conventional radiotherapy treatments. |
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| Links |
- A few information sources that have helped us better understand the nature and implications of Neuro-Endocrine Tumor diagnosis and treatment. As with everything in this day and age, there is a wealth of information available, worldwide, from the internet, we hope that you will find the selected information below of benefit. This section will be updated continually, if you have any additional suggestions please contact webmaster@thejulispendleyfoundation.net and we will investigate and include as appropriate. |
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Royal Free Hospital NET Unit |
The Home Page for The Royal Free NHS Trust - Hampstead - Neuro-Endocrine Tumor Unit. |
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The Christie Hospital NET Unit |
The Home Page for The Christie Hospital NHS Trust - Manchester - Neuro-Endocrine Tumor Unit. |
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Cancer Research UK |
Cancer Research UK Home Page. |
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Society for Endocrinology |
Although quite a technical document this is a useful tool to help understand how TRT can benefit NET patients. |
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Society for Endocrinology |
Again a technical but informative document from the Society of Endocrinology |
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Radionuclide Therapy |
A very informative extract from an annual report by the Institute of Cancer Research. |
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The NET Patient Foundation |
An established foundation offering help and support to patients and families affected by Neuroendocrine Tumors. |
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McMillan Cancer Support |
The foremost UK Cancer Support Agency. |